Nevada Republican Pete Domenici, ranking member of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, said the deal is part of the fiscal 2008 Omnibus Appropriations bill Congress has approved.
"Attracting investors for clean-energy projects is challenging, so we should do what we can to help get their projects off the ground," Domenici said in a release.
Three companies already have submitted complete construction and operating license applications for reactors to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, but none has committed to building plants. New plant construction is estimated to cost more than $5 billion, without a reliable loan-guarantee program.
Speaking Monday about the nationÂ’s economic health in Fredericksburg, Va., President Bush said nuclear energy was environmentally sound and new plants are needed to help satisfy increasing levels of demand. The 104 domestic operating plants currently generate about 20 percent of U.S. electricity.
"The administration is one step closer to issuing guarantees for loans for clean energy projects that will help reduce our dependence on foreign energy sources, boost economic competitiveness, and combat climate change," DOE spokeswoman Megan Barnett wrote in an e-mail.
Dominion Resources Inc. last month became the third company to file a complete application for a new nuclear reactor, at its North Anna Power Station in Louisa County, Va., following the Tennessee Valley Authority, which in October applied for new reactors at the Bellefonte nuclear power station near Scottsboro, Ala.
In September, NRG Energy Inc. did what no energy had done in 30 years when it submitted an application to build and operate reactors at its Bay City, Texas, power plant site. Constellation Energy Group Inc. filed a partial application earlier this year for a proposed new reactor in Lusby, Md.
Loan-guarantee applicants must pay a credit subsidy, or "risk premium," representing the value of the risk of loss to the government of each particular project. But the industryÂ’s trade group did not see that as a barrier to entry.
Nuclear Energy Institute spokesman Steve Kerekes called the fee a "new wrinkle," but said the increased funding is a "very positive development" that will help sustain the first handful of new plants. "From the beginning, we wanted a limited stimulus for a limited number of new plants for a limited time period," he said.
As the fees are collected, the loan-guarantee program will become self financing, Domenici said.
The industry has expressed concern about the untested regulatory approval process, environmental issues, waste management and the ability to produce electricity at a competitive price. Nuclear regulators say the review process for new plants will take up to 42 months.