"There is no large-scale, proven technology to reduce carbon dioxide emissions," said Karla Olsen, a spokeswoman for Westar Energy Inc. Topeka-based Westar is Kansas' largest utility, and about 80 percent of its power is produced by coal-burning plants that emit millions of tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere every year.
CO2 is a greenhouse gas blamed for global climate change. In October, Bremby cited concerns with climate change when denying permits for two 700-megawatt coal-burning power plants in western Kansas.
Lawmakers angered over the decision have asked Bremby whether he intends to limit CO2 levels as other industries seek KDHE permits. Bremby said he won't set regulations on carbon dioxide emissions, but he will seek a plan to reduce emissions, possibly when utilities come in for renewal of operating permits.
"It's his goal to engage industry to come up with voluntary plans to reduce emissions, not just CO2, but all emissions," KDHE spokesman Joe Blubaugh said. But in recent testimony to a legislative committee, Westar's executive vice president Jim Ludwig said several "myths" exist about global warming - including that renewable power sources can replace the need for fossil fuel.
He said wind, solar, hydro or geothermal energy are not feasible replacements for baseload generation such as coal and nuclear power.
Craig Volland, of the Kansas chapter of the Sierra Club, agreed in part with Ludwig's assertion. "I think it will take some time to work out the carbon dioxide emissions coming from existing coal plants," Volland said.
But, he said, research on ways to capture the carbon dioxide soon might produce results. Combined with conservation, "we may be able, as time goes on, to shut down the oldest and least efficient plants," he said. And, he said, he believes wind energy might one day be a viable substitute for additional coal or nuclear energy.
Meanwhile, utilities must get their operating permits renewed every five years. One before KDHE is Westar's Jeffrey Energy Center near St. Marys, which the EPA says emits 18.1 million tons of CO2 every year - the most in the state.